Legal Eagles

What To Do When Police Refuse To Register The FIR?

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<span style="color: #414141; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Its a very common phenomenon that people are saying that police is not lodging FIR. </span></div>
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<span style="color: #414141; font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">If any untoward incident occurs such as road accident, house trespass, mischievous activity, murder, rape,
molestation, theft in house, theft of his bike/car, purse stolen, robbery,
dacoity, murder etc happened with you or with your any family members, friends,
neighbor, well wisher etc then first of all you should not loose you calmness,
be cool and report the incident to nearest police station for taking necessary actions
against the wrong-doer. The information given to the police for such incident
is called as First Information Repor</span>t.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Who can lodge FIR?</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">An FIR can be lodged by the victim or a witness to the incident, or any person with knowledge of the incident. This information can be given in written or in oral or on telephone.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>If police refuses to register your FIR then what to do ?</b></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Its a very common phenomenon that people are saying that police is not lodging their FIR. Even sometimes people are ill-treated by the police.  </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">If Police officer concerned (SHO), refuses to Register complaint/FIR, than by virtue of section 154(3), a written Complaint may be send by Post to the Superintendent of Police or the Commissioner of Police (in Metropolitan areas); If Superintendent of Police or the Commissioner of Police (in Metropolitan areas) is satisfied that the Complaint discloses cognizable offence, he may himself investigate the case or cause the investigation of the case by any Police officer subordinate to him.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Even after that if no any action has been taken then an application can be made under section 156(3) read with section 190 of Code of Criminal Procedure to a judicial Magistrate/ Metropolitan Magistrate thereby praying that police to register the FIR., investigate the case, file charge-sheet or report.  </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">A Writ Petition in the respective High Court may be filed for the issuance of Writ of Mandamus against the defaulting Police officers, inter alia, to Register the FIR and directing him to show cause (a) why he has not registered the FIR; (b) why disciplinary proceedings for "Misconduct" should not be initiated against him for dereliction of duty; (c) why he should not be suspended from Police service for interfering in the administration of justice and shielding the accused person.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">You can file an online complaint, find relevant information and also get the contact details of each State's own Human Rights Commission office on the website of the National Human Rights Commission http://nhrc.nic.in.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Refusing to register an FIR on jurisdictional ground could now cost a policeman a year in jail. Taking strong view of increasing instances of such acts by police in various states, the Union home ministry has issued strict instructions to all states to not only initiate departmental inquiry against such cops but also prosecute them under Indian Penal Code. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The home ministry told the states and Union Territories to clearly instruct all police stations that failure to register FIR on receipt of information about any cognizable offence will invite prosecution of the duty police officer under I.P.C. Section 166A (government official disobeying law) which will invite imprisonment up to one year. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">In its latest directive, the MHA told the states and UTs that policemen should be sensitized to respond to complaints with alacrity, whether it is from man or woman, and must apprehend the accused immediately after the complaint, as it adversely impacts the victim and there is tendency of persons committing crimes to slip away when there is delay on extraneous grounds like jurisdiction. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>For what crimes FIR can be lodged?</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The police can register FIRs only for cognizable offences — where the police have the power to arrest without a warrant. Examples of cognizable offences include murder, rape, theft, attack, etc. For non-cognizable offences, such as bigamy or defamation, the police cannot arrest without a warrant and thus cannot register an FIR. The complaint is sent to the Judicial Magistrate for action.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>When FIR should be lodged?</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">The FIR has to be registered at the earliest point of time after the incident. Any delay in registration has to be adequately explained. Delay in registration may cause a suspicion as to whether it was an afterthought or a concocted version.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>Where it can be registered?</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Ideally, the FIR should be registered in the police station within whose geographical limits the crime took place. But in case of an emergency, there is no bar on any other police station registering the FIR and then transferring the investigation to the correct station. Also, it is not always necessary to go in person to register the FIR. In an emergency, the police can register an FIR based on a phone call or e-mail.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">As for the police, once the FIR is registered, they have to investigate the case, record statements of all witnesses, and file a final report. If the police conclude that there is no basis for the complaint or no evidence available to prosecute the case, further action is dropped. This has to be communicated to the complainant. If there is enough evidence, the final charge sheet is submitted before Court and the trial begins.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">By the help of above mentioned remedy FIR will be lodged.</span></div>
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What To Do When Police Refuse To Register The FIR?

Its a very common phenomenon that people are saying that police is not lodging FIR. If any untoward incident occurs such as ...

The Constitutional Rights Of Women Every Woman Should Know!!

legal eagle 0 Law & Order, Women Right 11:07 PM

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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Indian women have achieved every milestone and have made their presence and proved their worth in every field; but despite their strong presence all around they are still considered as soft targets. There are various cases where modesty of women has been abused during police arrest.</span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Here we will discuss how women can protect themselves from abuse of their modesty and use legal rights which has been prescribed by Constitutional law as well as others law enforcement in India.</span></span></span><br />
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Indian Law has provided special provisions in Constitutional law as well as in Code of Criminal Procedure. Honorable Supreme Court and several High Courts have laid down various guidelines  to  check on incidents of police atrocities on women.<br />
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Following are the laws which police authorities or other authorities shall follow:</div>
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<li><span style="line-height: 22px;">Women cannot be called to the police station for interrogation under Section 160 of the Criminal Procedure Code. This law provides Indian women the right of not being physically present at the police station for interrogation. "The police can interrogate a woman at her residence in the presence of a woman constable and family members or friends.</span></li>
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<li><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 22px;">According to a Supreme Court ruling, a woman cannot be arrested after sunset and before sunrise. There are many cases of women being harassed by the police at wee hours, but all this can be avoided if you exercise the right of being present in the police station only during daytime. "Even if there is a woman constable accompanying the officers, the police can't arrest a woman at night. In case the woman has committed a serious crime, the police has to get it in writing from the magistrate explaining why the arrest is necessary during the night.</span></li>
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<li>Under section 164 of the Criminal Procedure Code, a woman who has been raped can record her statement before the district magistrate when the case is under trial, and no one else needs to be present. Alternatively, she can record the statement with only one police officer and woman constable in a convenient place that is not crowded and does not provide any possibility of the statement being overheard by a fourth person. The cops have to, by law, upkeep the woman's right to privacy. It's important for the person to feel comfortable and not be under any kind of stress while narrating the incident.</li>
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<li>At least one female police officer should be present when a woman is being arrested.</li>
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<li>If women needs to be searched then it should be strictly done by another female police personnel with regard to  maintain her decency and modesty and if female police personnel is not available search can not be conducted.</li>
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<li>If women has been arrested then she must be kept in a lock-up exclusively for women which is separated from men. if such room in not available then she must be kept in a separated room.</li>
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<li>If women is pregnant then physical restraints must be avoided and safety of foetus should not be compromised in any case.</li>
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<li>If a woman is accuse of death penalty and she is pregnant then she must be sentenced to life imprisonment instead of death penalty. </li>
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These are your rights and you should definitely know about them so that you can help yourself and other women.</div>
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The Constitutional Rights Of Women Every Woman Should Know!!

Indian women have achieved every milestone and have made their presence and proved their worth in every field; but despite their stron...

What Should You Do If You Lost Your Luggage In A Train Journey!!

legal eagle 0 Legal Advice, Legal Awareness, Train Journey 10:43 PM

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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><b>What Should You Do If You Lost Your Luggage During A Train Journey</b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Most of us travel in trains for long distance journey as it is most convenient and cost effective method to commute in India, and since most of us believe so therefore train journey is always most crowded method of commuting in India. But as nothing has only pros facts the train journey too has some drawbacks, loosing luggage during the journey is the most common among them. Such misfortunes can happen with anyone anywhere, but most of us are not aware of the steps to handle this situation personally and legally, instead of opting for legal remedies we waste our time in cursing the situation and circumstances.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Through this article we are going to educate you how you can deal with such incidents with confidence and without loosing your calm.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="background-color: #fafafa;">In case of theft of luggage, robbery/dacoity in running trains, you should approach the train Conductor/Coach Attendant/Guard or GRP/RPF escort first. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">Collect the FIR from from them and fill it properly and hand over the filled form to them. The complaint will then be forwarded to the concerned police station for necessary actions, moreover you dont need to break your journey to lodge a complaint with the police. In case of any other assistance you can always approach the RPF personnel deputed in the trains or at all major railway stations. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">For train luggage theft an important case judgment was delivered by National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission(NCDRC) in which <span style="text-align: left;"> Indian Railways has been ordered by the apex consumer commission to pay Rs 2.01 lac compensation to a lady doctor whose luggage was stolen while travelling by the Kushinagar Express in 1996.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;">                      Trying to put a stop to such casual approach and somewhat classifying a rail passenger as a consumer, the National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC) had held that the Railways is liable to compensate the woman for theft of her luggage, saying there was failure on the part of the ticket checker to ensure that no intruders entered the reserved coach.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;">So if you ever loose your luggage during a train journey you should not press panic button instantly instead utilize the legal remedy you have at your disposal. And of course its very simple and can be exercised very easily and railway is bound to pay you the compensation you deserve.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>P.S.</b> Do let us know your thoughts, queries and suggestions about this article through your comments!!</span><br />
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What Should You Do If You Lost Your Luggage In A Train Journey!!

What Should You Do If You Lost Your Luggage During A Train Journey Most of us travel in trains for long distance journey as it is most...

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What To Do When Police Refuse To Register The FIR?

The Constitutional Rights Of Women Every Woman Should Know!!

What Should You Do If You Lost Your Luggage In A Train Journey!!

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